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欺凌的因果关系论文范文分享

Bullying is not something new. Children, teens, and youngsters all over the world might have gone through a bullying experience, being either the bully or the one bullied. Unfortunately, it has become a pervasive problem in today’s schools and societies, and parents, psychologists, and teachers are trying to keep it under control.

How can bullying be described? It is a sum of behaviors the bully, meaning the one who feels empowered to have this behavior, does to the ones around him. These behaviors can range from spreading rumors about the one bullied that usually are lies. Then, the colleagues and the ones who know the victim will engage in bullying actions, will laugh at the one bullied, and so on.

Another bullying behavior that can be easily observed is social exclusion. The bully is excluding the victim from the group, making fun of the bullied person, insulting, teasing, or calling the victim names. Usually, those who feel empowered to be bullies have other friends with them that give them power. It is about making fun, insulting, and bullying someone and letting others see. In private, the bullying behavior has no value for the bully.

These are some mild typical behaviors bullies usually have. Sometimes, they go even further and harm the victim, adopting usually dangerous behaviors but that have huge effects. Spitting, pushing, and hitting are just some of the intimidation techniques bullies usually use. They might go even further and destroy something that is the property of the victim or forcing the bullied person to do something that he or she does not want to do.

The range of bullying behaviors is quite wide, and even though bullies adopt mild behaviors, such as spreading rumors or lies about someone, they have consequences and effects. The last years have been marked by a rise of bullying attacks in schools and the rapid growth of technology has created something even more terrible: cyberbullying.

Today’s world is marked by unpredictability and confusion, feelings generated by the global pandemic. In a time where children and youngsters are forced to limit their social interactions with their peers, the rates of cyberbullying are skyrocketing. Cyberbullying behaviors include sharing, posting, or spreading negative content about the victim. The harassment has just moved online these days and the bullying problem has not been yet solved (Cyberbullying statistics).

The causes that make a teenager or child become a bully can be diverse. The main cause is usually a dysfunctional family the child has grown up in. Children are like sponges and their growing and maturing years are very sensitive. If the family is dysfunctional, meaning that there are constant conflicts in the house or one of the parents has addictions, children might become bullies.

However, it is important to note that not all children that grow up in unhealthy environments become bullies. If as a child you witness abusive acts in your family and domestic violence, you might learn that this is how life needs to be. What is common if we look at bullies is the way their family is related to them. If they grew up in families where their needs were not met, where affection is something strange, where parents and bigger brothers used to show their power, children might later become bullies. They will need to have power, so they will exercise it on the ones they find more vulnerable and weaker.

Another cause of bullying is the experience the bully went through. The personal experiences of the bully are the ones that matter, and usually, they were bullied by stepbrothers or sisters, parents, or even neighbors. If the bully was bullied in the past, might try to do it themselves. Why? Because they learn that this is the only way to impose yourself and that violence, whether written, spoken, or physical, can help you do it better.

The way the family is organized and parents respond to the needs of the children is a cause that leads to bullying. In families where parents have an anxious or avoidant attachment style, children do not receive the attention they want. So, bullying can be the means to accomplish this goal: getting attention. Children and teenagers that do this solely for this purpose are usually lonely. They do not have friends and think that bullying is the only way to be acknowledged and get attention in this harsh world. Another cause of the bullying behavior might be the envy that the victim has achieved or has something more than them.

Bullying behavior is widespread in every society and its effects can be devastating. A few years ago, the effects of bullying were not clearly understood. But scientists and psychologists have begun to notice a rise in teenager suicides; at the same time, anxiety and depression disorders are more and more frequent in children and adolescents. More than 50% of U.S. children and teenagers say they have been the victim of bullying at least once in their lives (psychology study).

Bullying has immense negative effects on the emotional and mental health of the victim. These years should be marked by maturity, learning how to cope with your emotions, and how to control them. Those who are bullied might have behavioral and psychological problems if these are not addressed in time and the toxic behavior stopped.

Children and teenagers who are bullied lose their self-esteem and confidence. The words, rumors, and the lies the bully has told them makes them question their value. They might change their way of living just to meet the expectations of the bully and maybe it will stop. Unfortunately, bullied children and adolescents can easily develop anxious and depressive symptoms. Even though there is no clear correlation between bullying and suicide among teenagers, bullied children and teenagers are more prone to committing it.

Suicide is usually linked to more kinds of trauma. However, it is well-known that the rate of suicide among children and teenagers is growing continuously. There are already a few cases of children that committed suicide because they were victims of cyberbullying.

The problem with bullying is that today’s children and teenagers grow up in a society that puts a high emphasis on how you look. This is what social media taught children and teenagers, who spend more time than ever on social media platforms. Some youngsters are even addicted to selfies and show only their perfect face on the internet. Social media and the development of technology has alienated children, keeping them away from the true values.

When all that matters is the number of likes, comments, and endorsements the new photo you post gets, not having your expectations met can be damaging for your self-image. It is thus essential to address the causes of bullying, inform more on its effects, and find solutions to this pervasive problem. These solutions should not focus only on bullies and victims, but also on bystanders. Because they could also become bullies and for the moment, they support bullying even if they are just witnessing it.

Bullying is a problem that can have negative effects on the emotional, cognitive, and mental development of victims and bullies alike. At the same time, it can have devastating effects on their academic life and self-esteem. Usually, bullies come from unhealthy and dysfunctional families where positive emotions, affection, and openness do not find their place..

翻译：

欺凌不是什么新鲜事。世界各地的儿童、青少年和年轻人可能都经历过欺凌的经历，他们要么是被欺凌者，要么是被欺凌者。不幸的是，它已经成为当今学校和社会的一个普遍问题，家长、心理学家和教师正在努力控制它。

如何描述欺凌行为?它是欺凌者(指感觉有能力有这种行为的人)对他周围的人所做的行为的总和。这些行为包括散布关于被欺凌者的谣言，这些谣言通常是谎言。然后，同事和认识受害者的人也会参与欺凌行为，嘲笑被欺凌者，等等。

另一种容易观察到的欺凌行为是社会排斥。欺凌者将受害者排除在群体之外，取笑被欺凌者，侮辱、戏弄或叫受害者的名字。通常情况下，那些觉得自己有能力成为欺凌者的人，有其他朋友和他们在一起，给了他们力量。这就是取笑、侮辱和欺负某人，并让其他人看到。在私下里，欺凌行为对欺凌者没有任何价值。

这些是欺凌者通常有的一些温和的典型行为。有时，他们甚至走得更远，伤害受害者，采用的通常是危险的行为，但却有巨大的影响。吐口水、推搡和殴打只是欺凌者通常使用的一些恐吓手段。他们可能会走得更远，破坏受害者的财产，或强迫被欺凌者做他或她不愿意做的事情。

欺凌行为的范围相当广泛，即使欺凌者采取温和的行为，如散布关于某人的谣言或谎言，也会产生后果和影响。过去几年中，学校中的欺凌攻击事件不断增加，技术的快速发展产生了更可怕的东西：网络欺凌。

今天的世界是以不可预测和混乱为标志的，这些感觉是由全球大流行病产生的。在儿童和青少年被迫限制与同龄人的社会交往的时候，网络欺凌的发生率正在急剧上升。网络欺凌行为包括分享、张贴或传播关于受害者的负面内容。这些天来，骚扰行为刚刚转移到网上，欺凌问题还没有得到解决(网络欺凌的统计数据)。

使青少年或儿童成为欺凌者的原因可能是多样的。主要原因通常是孩子成长在一个不正常的家庭。儿童就像海绵一样，他们的成长和成熟期是非常敏感的。如果家庭不健全，也就是说家里经常有冲突，或者父母中的一方有毒瘾，孩子就可能成为欺凌者。

然而，重要的是要注意，并非所有在不健康环境中长大的儿童都会成为欺凌者。如果作为一个孩子，你目睹了家庭中的虐待行为和家庭暴力，你可能会了解到这就是生活需要的方式。如果我们看一下欺凌者，常见的是他们的家庭与他们的关系方式。如果他们在家庭中长大，他们的需求得不到满足，亲情是一种奇怪的东西，父母和大哥哥习惯于显示他们的权力，孩子们后来可能会成为欺凌者。他们需要拥有权力，所以他们会对他们认为更脆弱和更弱小的人行使权力。

欺凌的另一个原因是欺凌者所经历的经验。欺凌者的个人经历才是最重要的，通常情况下，他们被继兄弟或姐妹、父母、甚至邻居欺负过。如果欺凌者在过去被欺凌，可能会尝试自己动手。为什么呢?因为他们了解到这是强加给自己的唯一方式，而暴力，无论是书面的、口头的还是身体的，都能帮助你更好地完成。

家庭的组织方式和父母对孩子需求的反应是导致欺凌的一个原因。在父母具有焦虑或回避依恋风格的家庭中，儿童得不到他们想要的关注。因此，欺凌可能是实现这一目标的手段：获得关注。仅仅为了这个目的而这样做的儿童和青少年通常是孤独的。他们没有朋友，认为欺凌是在这个残酷的世界上被承认和获得关注的唯一途径。欺凌行为的另一个原因可能是羡慕受害者取得了比他们更多的成就或拥有更多的东西。

欺凌行为在每个社会都很普遍，其影响可能是毁灭性的。几年前，人们对欺凌的影响并不清楚。但是科学家和心理学家已经开始注意到青少年自杀事件的增加;同时，焦虑和抑郁症在儿童和青少年中越来越频繁。超过50%的美国儿童和青少年说他们在生活中至少有一次成为欺凌的受害者(心理学研究)。

欺凌行为对受害者的情感和心理健康有巨大的负面影响。这些年的特点应该是成熟，学习如何应对自己的情绪，以及如何控制它们。那些被欺负的人可能会出现行为和心理问题，如果这些问题没有得到及时解决并停止有毒的行为。

被欺负的儿童和青少年会失去自尊和自信。欺凌者对他们说的那些话、谣言和谎言使他们怀疑自己的价值。他们可能会改变自己的生活方式，只是为了满足欺凌者的期望，也许这一切会停止。不幸的是，被欺凌的儿童和青少年很容易出现焦虑和抑郁症状。尽管欺凌和青少年自杀之间没有明确的关联，但被欺凌的儿童和青少年更容易自杀。

自杀通常与更多种类的创伤有关。然而，众所周知，儿童和青少年的自杀率正在持续增长。已经有一些儿童因为是网络欺凌的受害者而自杀的案例。

欺凌的问题在于，今天的儿童和青少年成长在一个高度重视自己外表的社会。这是社交媒体教给儿童和青少年的，他们在社交媒体平台上花费的时间比以往更多。一些年轻人甚至沉迷于自拍，在互联网上只展示自己的完美面孔。社交媒体和技术的发展已经疏远了儿童，让他们远离真正的价值观。

当所有的东西都是你发布的新照片所获得的喜欢、评论和认可的数量时，没有满足你的期望就会对你的自我形象造成损害。因此，必须解决欺凌的原因，更多地告知其影响，并为这一普遍存在的问题找到解决方案。这些解决方案不应仅仅关注欺凌者和受害者，还应该关注旁观者。因为他们也可能成为欺凌者，就目前而言，他们支持欺凌，即使他们只是目睹了欺凌。

欺凌是一个可以对受害者和欺凌者的情感、认知和心理发展产生负面影响的问题。同时，它还会对他们的学习生活和自尊心产生破坏性影响。通常情况下，欺凌者来自不健康和不正常的家庭，在这些家庭中，积极的情感、亲情和开放性没有找到自己的位置。

以上就是关于英国大学欺凌的因果关系论文范文分享，如果还有其他疑问，可以随时与留学生辅导网的老师进行沟通哦。